Genetics, Immunology & Precision Medicine

Genetic testing for inherited (germline) mutation and pathological variants have become technically and economically feasible. Most cancer patients with possible inherited contribution should undergo germline testing, especially those with breast, ovary, and colorectal cancers. This information ,plus family history, lifestyle, age and gender can be used to make informed for personalized risk stratification in individuals and family members. Population-based genetic screening can identify individuals at risk for future cancer development (often at an earlier age) and can benefit from prevention intervention or screening.